P2P Platforms by Country: European Availability Guide

TL;DR

• Most major European P2P platforms accept investors from across the EU and EEA, but some have country-specific restrictions or features.
• Tax treatment, reporting obligations, and regulatory nuances vary by country - your residency matters more than the platform’s location.
• Germany, Spain, France, Italy, and the Netherlands each have distinct considerations for P2P investors that this guide covers.

Why Geography Matters in P2P Lending

P2P lending platforms operate across borders, but your experience as an investor is shaped by where you live. Tax obligations, regulatory protections, available platforms, and even currency considerations differ by country. Understanding these differences helps you make better platform choices and avoid surprises.

This guide covers the major European markets and which platforms from our monthly top-10 are available in each.

Platform Availability Overview

The following table shows general availability as of September 2026. Platform policies change, so always verify on the platform’s website before signing up.

DE = Germany, ES = Spain, FR = France, IT = Italy, PT = Portugal, NL = Netherlands, AT = Austria, CH = Switzerland

“Limited” means the platform accepts investors from that country but may have restrictions on certain products or features.

Germany

Germany is the largest P2P lending market in continental Europe by investor base.

Key considerations:

• Tax: Interest income from P2P lending is subject to Kapitalertragsteuer (capital gains tax) at a flat 25% plus solidarity surcharge and potentially church tax. Total effective rate is approximately 26.4-27.8%.
• Reporting: German tax residents must report P2P interest income in their annual tax return (Anlage KAP). Most platforms do not withhold German tax, so you handle it yourself.
• Platform availability: All major platforms accept German investors. Germany has the highest representation among European P2P investor communities.
• Regulation awareness: BaFin (Federal Financial Supervisory Authority) does not regulate most foreign P2P platforms directly, but German investors are protected by EU-level regulations where applicable.

Popular platforms among German investors: Mintos, PeerBerry, Maclear, Robocash

Spain

Spain’s P2P investor community has grown substantially, particularly in the crowdlending and business lending segments.

Key considerations:

• Tax: P2P interest income is taxed as savings income (rendimientos del ahorro). Rates are progressive: 19% (up to 6,000 EUR), 21% (6,000-50,000 EUR), 23% (50,000-200,000 EUR), and 27% (above 200,000 EUR).
• Reporting: Interest must be declared in the annual IRPF return. Modelo 720 applies if you hold more than 50,000 EUR in foreign accounts or assets.
• Platform availability: All major platforms accept Spanish investors. Several platforms offer Spanish-language interfaces.
• Double taxation: Some platforms withhold tax at source in their home jurisdiction. Spain has double taxation treaties with most EU countries, so you can typically credit foreign withholding against your Spanish tax liability.

Popular platforms among Spanish investors: Mintos, PeerBerry, Maclear, Robocash

France

France has a well-developed domestic crowdlending market alongside access to pan-European platforms.

Key considerations:

• Tax: Since 2018, the flat tax (prelevement forfaitaire unique, PFU) of 30% applies to P2P interest income (12.8% income tax + 17.2% social charges). Alternatively, you can opt for progressive taxation if your marginal rate is below 12.8%.
• Reporting: Foreign accounts must be declared (Cerfa 3916). Interest income goes on the annual income tax return.
• Platform availability: Most pan-European platforms accept French investors. Some have French-language support.
• Local alternatives: France also has domestic crowdlending platforms regulated by the AMF (Autorite des marches financiers), but this guide focuses on the pan-European platforms in our rankings.

Popular platforms among French investors: Mintos, Maclear, PeerBerry

Italy

Italy has seen growing interest in P2P lending, driven by low yields on traditional savings products.

Key considerations:

• Tax: Interest income from P2P lending is subject to a 26% flat tax (imposta sostitutiva).
• Reporting: Foreign financial assets must be declared in the RW section of the tax return. IVAFE (tax on foreign financial activities) of 0.2% applies to the value of foreign investments.
• Platform availability: All major platforms accept Italian investors. Some offer Italian-language interfaces.
• IVAFE consideration: The 0.2% annual tax on foreign financial product value is unique to Italy and reduces effective returns slightly. Factor this into yield comparisons.

Popular platforms among Italian investors: Mintos, PeerBerry, Maclear, Robocash

Portugal

Portugal offers a relatively favorable tax environment for P2P investors, especially non-habitual residents (NHR).

Key considerations:

• Tax: Standard withholding on interest income is 28%. The NHR regime may offer reduced rates for qualifying residents.
• Reporting: Foreign income must be declared in the annual IRS return.
• Platform availability: All major platforms accept Portuguese investors. Portuguese-language support is less common than Spanish or French.

Popular platforms among Portuguese investors: Mintos, PeerBerry, Maclear

Netherlands

The Netherlands has an active P2P investor community, with a distinctive tax system for investment income.

Key considerations:

• Tax: The Netherlands uses a deemed-return (box 3) system rather than taxing actual interest income. Your P2P investments are included in your total assets, and a fixed fictitious return rate is applied. The actual interest you earn is irrelevant for tax purposes.
• Reporting: All foreign assets above the tax-free threshold must be declared in the annual income tax return.
• Platform availability: All major platforms accept Dutch investors. English-language interfaces are generally sufficient for Dutch investors.
• Box 3 advantage: If your actual P2P returns exceed the deemed return rate, the Dutch system can be favorable. However, ongoing reforms to box 3 may change this.

Popular platforms among Dutch investors: Mintos, PeerBerry, Maclear, EstateGuru

Baltic States (Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia)

The Baltics are home to many P2P platforms and have a large per-capita investor base.

Key considerations:

• Tax: Varies by country. Latvia applies 20% PIT on interest income. Lithuania applies 15%. Estonia has a unique system where reinvested income is not taxed until distributed.
• Home court advantage: Investors in the Baltics often have faster deposit/withdrawal processing and may benefit from local payment systems.
• Platform density: More platforms are headquartered in the Baltics than any other European region, giving local investors easy access to company information and events.

Popular platforms among Baltic investors: Mintos, PeerBerry, Twino, IUVO Group

Tips for Cross-Border P2P Investing

1. Verify your eligibility first. Before spending time researching a platform, confirm it accepts investors from your country. Registration requirements may include proof of residency.

2. Understand your tax obligations. Tax treatment of P2P income varies dramatically across Europe. The difference between 15% and 30% taxation significantly impacts net returns. Consult a tax advisor familiar with your country’s treatment of foreign interest income.

3. Watch for withholding tax. Some platforms withhold tax at source in their operating country. Check whether your country has a double taxation treaty that allows you to credit this withholding against your domestic tax liability.

4. Consider currency risk. If a platform operates in a currency other than yours, exchange rate fluctuations can affect returns. Most major platforms operate in EUR, which simplifies things for Eurozone investors. Swiss franc investors using Maclear may benefit from CHF-denominated options.

5. Check deposit and withdrawal methods. SEPA transfers are standard across the EU, but processing times and fees can vary. Some platforms also support local payment methods for specific countries.

6. Keep records. Maintain your own records of investments, interest received, and any defaults or buybacks. Platform reporting may not match your country’s tax year or reporting format exactly.

FAQ

Q: Can I invest in P2P platforms from outside the EU? A: Some platforms accept non-EU investors, but eligibility varies. UK residents, Swiss residents, and investors from other non-EU European countries should check each platform’s terms. Platforms regulated under ECSP may have specific EU/EEA residency requirements.

Q: Do I pay tax in the platform’s country or my own? A: Generally, you pay tax in your country of residence. Some platforms withhold tax at source, which you can usually credit against your domestic liability. Double taxation treaties prevent you from being taxed twice.

Q: Which country has the most favorable tax treatment for P2P lending? A: Estonia’s system of taxing only distributed (withdrawn) income is often cited as favorable for long-term reinvestment. The Netherlands’ box 3 system can also be advantageous if actual returns exceed the deemed return. But tax planning should involve a professional who knows your full financial picture.

Q: Are there platforms that only operate in specific countries? A: Yes, some smaller platforms have limited geographic reach. This guide focuses on the pan-European platforms in our monthly rankings, which generally serve most of Europe.

Q: How do I compare platforms available in my country? A: Start with our platform selection framework, then filter by the availability information in this guide. Our monthly rankings evaluate platforms on criteria that apply regardless of your country.

Related guides

• Best P2P Platforms - September 2026
• How to Choose a P2P Lending Platform
• Crowdlending Risks Explained